Children with Tramatic Brain Injury Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Kids with Tramatic Brain Injury - Term Paper Example These handicaps are showed in a variety of attributes relying upon the area and degree of cerebrum injury. They may likewise be perpetual or impermanent in nature where they can either cause aggregate or halfway psychosocial modification or useful incapacities. For example, understudies with psychological debilitations experience the ill effects of long or momentary memory shortages along these lines recalling things and realities become very troublesome. Such understudies additionally experience the ill effects of debilitated focus and constrained ability to focus. Accordingly, they can't take part in any movement for an extensive stretch of time in any event, moving in class gets troublesome. Additionally, these understudies experience the ill effects of disabled observation where sequencing, judgment and arranging present difficult issue. What's more, such youngsters gravely experience the ill effects of correspondence issues which hinder both their composition and understanding a ptitudes. This is because of harm that happens on the frontal projections of the mind (Aimaretti and Ghigo, 2007). TBI likewise shows conduct and passionate qualities which incorporate emotional episodes, brought down confidence, egotism, weakness, nervousness, discouragement, fretfulness and plunged inspiration. They are additionally incapable to control their feelings as now and again they may unnecessarily cry or chuckle. Subsequently, they can neither self screen nor relate well with others. This emerges as a result of harm that happens on the limbic framework in the cerebrum. ... In this way, they can't participate in any action for a significant stretch of time in any event, amassing in class gets troublesome. Also, these understudies experience the ill effects of weakened discernment where sequencing, judgment and arranging present significant issue. Also, such kids gravely experience the ill effects of correspondence issues which restrain both their composition and understanding abilities. This is because of harm that happens on the frontal projections of the mind (Aimaretti and Ghigo, 2007). TBI additionally shows social and passionate attributes which incorporate emotional episodes, brought down confidence, conceit, exhaustion, uneasiness, melancholy, eagerness and crashed inspiration. They are likewise unfit to control their feelings as on occasion they may unnecessarily cry or giggle. Therefore, they can neither self screen nor relate well with others. This emerges in light of harm that happens on the limbic framework in the mind. Then again, the physi cal impedance attributes incorporate tactile debilitations just as vision, discourse and hearing issues. On the other hand, the understudies may experience the ill effects of steady cerebral pains, loss of motion or paresis of either or the two sides, absence of legitimate equalization, step debilitations, spasticity of muscles and seizure issue. They additionally need viable coordination particularly the fine engine coordination. These physical attributes emerge because of lopsidedness that influences the mind harmony. This is a result of the improvement of the midline move disorder which further influences the weight, stance and float stance of patients with TBI. Accordingly, the patients don't see a straight skyline or divider they consider them to be inclined (Parikh, Koch and Narayan, 2007). 2 (a) Classroom Behavioral Management Strategies and Instructional Strategies However, in

Statement of Purpose. The social work profession Personal

Of Purpose. The social work calling - Personal Statement Example The settings of social work practice may incorporate emergency clinics, the homes of administration clients, schools, and other intentional associations (Horne, 1999). In my human help encounters and cooperations with others, I have consolidated the estimations of social work from multiple points of view. In the act of my calling, I have given huge consideration to the social work estimations of administration, respect and worth of the individual, social equity, respectability, significance of human connections and skill (Sue, 2005). I have consistently held dear the social work estimation of administration dependent on the explanation that the essential objective of my calling is to help those deprived to address the social issues, which they might be confronting. As the social work estimation of administration to customers implies, social laborers should chip in a portion of their expert aptitudes with no desire for budgetary return. I have effectively done this since I have helped the vast majority of my customers with no desire for getting comes back from them. Another center social work esteem incorporates social equity, which depends on the moral rule that social specialists should challenge social foul play (Vass, 1996). I would say and associations with others, I have sought after change in the interest of the abused and powerless people in the public eye. While working with assorted gatherings of people, I have understood the need to recognize their ethnic, just as social decent variety. In the act of social work calling, social specialists should regard the nobility and worth of the individual. All things considered, social specialists should target treating customers and all people in a conscious and caring way (Turner, 2011). I have held this incentive to the last mentioned; I have consistently advanced the self assurance of customers in the choices they make. In a socially dependable way, I have tried to determine the contentions between customer i nterests and interests of the more extensive society. Honesty can be viewed as one of the fundamental beliefs in the act of social work; social specialists have the commitment to carry on in a way that appears to be reliable (Shardlow, 2004). In my encounters with customers and cooperations with individuals, I have consistently acted in accordance with the crucial, standards, values, and moral principles of social work. I have acted capably and genuinely; I have accomplished this by advancing moral standards and practices of the calling. In my human assistance encounters and associations with individuals, I have perceived the importance of human connections. I have helped customers to comprehend that the connections they have with individuals assume a basic job in change. Additionally, I have strived to reinforce the connections between individuals. This has permitted me to improve, reestablish, and advance the prosperity of families, people, and social gatherings. In my cooperation s with individuals and human assistance experience, I have effectively gotten equipped in the field of social help. This has permitted me to improve and build up the expert act of my calling. Ability has expanded my expert aptitudes just as information; I intend to apply these by and by. I have had noteworthy beneficial encounters and connections in giving assistance; these encounters roused me to seek after social work. Social work involves working with customers at different levels, particularly the destitute, so as to improve their

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for GAD

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for GAD June 12, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Steve Debenport/E/GettyOwner Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a type of psychotherapy gaining popularity in the treatment of anxiety disorders like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). It is also used to treat other conditions including depression, eating disorders, chronic pain, and substance use disorders. What Exactly Is ACT? ACT is a talk therapy that emphasizes the ways in which we use our words to battle whatever is going on inside of our heads. The approach focusesâ€"as the name impliesâ€"on acceptance. The theory suggests that increasing acceptance of your circumstance, the thoughts constantly running through your mind, and your struggle with symptoms can lead to increased psychological flexibility. Acceptance is theorized to protect against the avoidance of certain thoughts or emotional experiences and ineffective coping. Overall, this type of therapy encourages gaining insight into patterns of thinking, patterns of avoidance, and the presence or absence of action that is in line with chosen life values. Research has shown that ACT can produce symptom improvement in people with GAD, and it may also be a particularly good fit for older adults. Differences From Traditional CBT Unlike cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the goal of ACT is not to reduce the frequency or severity of unpleasant internal experiences (such as upsetting cognitive distortions, emotions or urges). Rather, the goal is to reduce your struggle to control or do away with these experiences and simultaneously to increase involvement in meaningful life activities (i.e., those activities that are consistent with personal values). Third Wave Treatment ACT is sometimes referred to as a “third wave” or “new wave” psychotherapy. In this context, the first wave refers to classical conditioning and operant learning-based behavioral approaches developed in the 1950s. The second wave therapies additionally focused on information processingâ€"and more specifically, cognitive processesâ€"as well as behavioral learning principles. Third wave treatments share a lineage with these earlier approaches  but extend in other directions depending on the type. The term third wave treatment refers a broad spectrum of psychotherapies â€" including ACT, dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), schema therapy, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy â€" that have been shown to be helpful for many individuals. Historically, third-wave treatments were conceptualized as particularly appropriate for patients who were not benefiting from pre-existing treatments such as classical cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, it is now believed that for some individuals, a third-wave therapy option may make sense as a first-line treatment. Find Help From the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups ACT Providers Clinicians who have been specifically trained in this type of psychotherapy typically offer ACT. An ACT therapist will be both an active, empathic listener and an active guide, encouraging deeper exploration and non-judgmental awareness, during the sessions. An ACT therapist could be a  psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, or mental health counselor. If you are interested in learning more about this approach, you might ask about your treatment provider’s training background with it or seek out an experienced ACT practitioner. What Happens in an ACT Session? The main components of ACT are psycho-education about the key mechanisms of the treatment theory, mindfulness, cognitive defusion, and values clarification. Sessions can include the practice of mindfulness exercises designed to foster nonjudgmental, healthy awareness of thoughts, feelings, sensations, and memories that have otherwise been avoided. Once the content of  your innermost experience is identified, the therapist uses discussion and cognitive exercises to help you recontextualize or make different sense of the narrative  and then accept it as your personal experience. To the extent that your actions are inconsistent with your personal values of what makes for a meaningful life, the therapist will help highlight discrepancies and engage you in a conversation about your values and the actions that might move you closer to them. ACT therapists may assign homework to practice between sessions, such as mindfulness, cognitive, or values clarification exercises. The homework is agreed upon between you and your therapist and can be modified to make it as personal and useful as possible. Where Can I Learn More?? To learn more about the ACT approach, you can check out free podcasts, worksheets, and mindfulness exercises. For help finding an ACT therapist, try referral sources such as The Association for Contextual Behavioral Science, Psychology Today, or  The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies.

Moby Dick, Sophies World, East of Eden - 2310 Words

In today’s society, the issues of fate and free will are hotly debated, drawing in heated discussions of religion, chance, and the extent of free will. While some believe we have a significant amount of control over our lives exercised through free will in our choices, others believe an entirely different power is at hand in controlling our lives. These issues often find themselves associated in literature, with examples such as John Steinbeck’s East of Eden, Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, and Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. Among these books, there are different interpretations on the role of fate and free will in human life. In particular, these three different works of literature express varying shows of balance between fate and free†¦show more content†¦This good vs. evil concept could especially be seen in John Steinbeck’s East of Eden. Caleb Trask, the protagonist, struggles throughout the book while in a fight where he tries to suppress and overcome his inner demons. Caleb, son of Adam and Cathy, had lived his life in the shadow of his brother Aron, who was obviously in better light with his father. While Aron symbolically was the embodiment of all that was good, Caleb was the opposite, having had embodied evil, like his mother. However, Caleb demonstrates the usage of free will in the struggle of overcoming evil. This is clearly shown during the confrontation of him and his mother, and his realization that Cathy is a prostitute. When Caleb meets with Cathy, Cathy tries to convince Caleb that in addition to her being evil herself, he also has the same evil within himself, and that he is more like her than he knows. However, he realizes otherwise, that he has choice in whether or not he would be evil. At the end of their conversation, Caleb reminisces on what Lee said, saying that, â€Å"I was afraid I had you in me†¦ [But] I’m my own. I don’t have to be you†. At this part of th e story, Caleb demonstrates understanding of one of the major themes of the story, simply known as Timshel. Caleb realizes that it is his choice, his own free will to overcome evil. He establishes that while there is evil in all of us, we are all capable of overcoming that evil, and choosing whatever path we wish to walk, all by using free will.

Italian Verb Conjugations Scoprire (to Discover)

Conjugation table for the Italian verb scoprire scoprire: to discover, find out, spot, sight, uncover, bare, expose Irregular third-conjugation Italian verb Transitive verb (takes a direct object) INDICATIVE/INDICATIVO Presente io scopro tu scopri lui, lei, Lei scopre noi scopriamo voi scoprite loro, Loro scoprono Imperfetto io scoprivo tu scoprivi lui, lei, Lei scopriva noi scoprivamo voi scoprivate loro, Loro scoprivano Passato Remoto io scoprii/scopersi tu scopristi lui, lei, Lei scopr/scoperse noi scoprimmo voi scopriste loro, Loro scoprirono/scopersero Futuro Semplice io scoprir tu scoprirai lui, lei, Lei scoprir noi scopriremo voi scoprirete loro, Loro scopriranno Passato Prossimo io ho scoperto tu hai scoperto lui, lei, Lei ha scoperto noi abbiamo scoperto voi avete scoperto loro, Loro hanno scoperto Trapassato Prossimo io avevo scoperto tu avevi scoperto lui, lei, Lei aveva scoperto noi avevamo scoperto voi avevate scoperto loro, Loro avevano scoperto Trapassato Remoto io ebbi scoperto tu avesti scoperto lui, lei, Lei ebbe scoperto noi avemmo scoperto voi aveste scoperto loro, Loro ebbero scoperto Future Anteriore io avr scoperto tu avrai scoperto lui, lei, Lei avr scoperto noi avremo scoperto voi avrete scoperto loro, Loro avranno scoperto SUBJUNCTIVE/CONGIUNTIVO Presente io scopra tu scopra lui, lei, Lei scopra noi scopriamo voi scopriate loro, Loro scoprano Imperfetto io scoprissi tu scoprissi lui, lei, Lei scoprisse noi scoprissimo voi scopriste loro, Loro scoprissero Passato io abbia scoperto tu abbia scoperto lui, lei, Lei abbia scoperto noi abbiamo scoperto voi abbiate scoperto loro, Loro abbiano scoperto Trapassato io avessi scoperto tu avessi scoperto lui, lei, Lei avesse scoperto noi avessimo scoperto voi aveste scoperto loro, Loro avessero scoperto CONDITIONAL/CONDIZIONALE Presente io scoprirei tu scopriresti lui, lei, Lei scoprirebbe noi scopriremmo voi scoprireste loro, Loro scoprirebbero Passato io avrei scoperto tu avresti scoperto lui, lei, Lei avrebbe scoperto noi avremmo scoperto voi avreste scoperto loro, Loro avrebbero scoperto IMPERATIVE/IMPERATIVO Presente — scopriscoprascopriamoscopritescoprano INFINITIVE/INFINITO Presente: scoprire Passato: avere scoperto PARTICIPLE/PARTICIPIO Presente: scoprente Passato: scoperto GERUND/GERUNDIO Presente: scoprendo Passato: avendo scoperto

Earth and Its People Edition 3 Chapter 7 Outline Free Essays

string(54) " and Christianity were intolerant of other religions\." The Impact of the Silk Road †¢ The Silk Road at first caused many pastoral groups to form. Eventually, rich families did settleand build large establishments. †¢ The Silk Road allowed the spread of religions ( see chart above ) such as Nestorian Christianity,Manichaeism, Zoroastrianism, and Buddhism. We will write a custom essay sample on Earth and Its People Edition 3 Chapter 7 Outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ The stirrup spread though out the Silk Road. It allowed riders to be much more stable and thuscaused military innovation. i. e. the superiority of the Tang calvary in China. The Indian Ocean Maritime System †¢ The Indian Ocean Maritime System was a society of seafarers established across the IndianOcean and South China Sea. †¢ This trade system linked a network of sea trade routes from Africa to China. The main playerswere Africans, South Arabian Persian, and the  Southern Chinese people (including theIndonesians and Malays). †¢ Although much of the discoveries of new lands and waters were attributed to famous peoplesuch as Zhang Jian or Hippalus, we must not forget the the indigenous people of these areasalso greatly contributed to their  expansions. Origins of Contact and Trade †¢ Madagascar is the world’s fourth largest island. †¢ 2000 years ago, people from one of the many Indonesian islands of Southeast Asia establishedthemselves in the mountainous land of Madagascar, 9,500 kilometers from home. †¢ These people kept much of their traditions but eventually lost most of it. [pic] The Impact of Indian Ocean Trade †¢ The precious materials wanted in  trade included ivory and minerals. †¢ Evidence of ancient copper mines has been  found in Oman in  southeastern Arabia. †¢ However, this volume of trade was  less than the amount occurring in the Mediterranean. †¢ In the Indian area, the ports were small due to geographical problems such as inland monsoonwater not by the sea. †¢ E India, the Malay Peninsula, and Indonesia afforded more hospitable and densely populatedshores with easier access to inland  populations. †¢ The empires that existed through out this Indus area never bothered to develop  as muchmaritime powers as the Greeks or  the Phoenocians did. †¢ The families around the coastal Indian area established bilingual and bicultural systems. Routes Across the Sahara Early Saharan Cultures †¢ The Sahara is broken only by the Nile River. †¢ The trans-Saharan Caravan Routes were forced into existence due to the lack of water in manyareas. †¢ Before the Sahara became dry (pre 2500 B. C. E. ), this area was quite wet with a diverse group of  animals. †¢ Many believe that people from Mediterranean civilizations such as the Minoans, Mycenaeans, orRomans may have rode chariots into  the Saharan deserts. However, this evidence is lacking. [pic] Trade Across the Sahara †¢ Traders developed into two groups: the north and south. †¢ The North primarily focused on salt  trade. †¢ People from the souther Sahel brought forest and  agriculture goods. Sub-Saharan Africa A challenging Geography †¢ The use of rivers was limited by the many rapids in the rivers. †¢ The Southern Sahara area was limited and surrounded by many obstacles such as  the Niger,Zaire, Senegal Rivers, the Red  Sea, the Saharan Desert, etc. †¢ South of the Sahara are the steppes and savanna rain forests. These places were difficult totraverse. The Development of Cultural Unity †¢ â€Å"Anthropologists call â€Å"Great Traditions† those that typically include a written language, commonlegal and belief systems, ethical codes, and other intellectual attitudes. They loom large inwritten records as traditions that rise above the diversity of local  customs and beliefs commonlydistinguished as â€Å"small traditions. †Ã¢â‚¬  †¢ The elite culture in the sub-Saharan area turned the area into a Great Tradition area. †¢ This area is home to ~ 2000 languages. African Cultural Characteristics †¢ African culture is shaped by the geographically different conditions of the lands. †¢ The post ice age time caused the diverse group of people to form. †¢ Although the population flourished at first, the  increase in dryness over the long period of  timecaused the diverse groups of people to  recede into specific areas. The Advent of Iron and the Bantu Migrations †¢ Agriculture started in the 2nd millennium B. C. E. and spread southward from the area by theSahara. †¢ Archaeology has also uncovered traces of copper mining in  the Sahara from the early  firstmillennium B. C. E. †¢ Copper smelting was during 400 C. E. †¢ Iron smelting was around the 1st millennium C. E. †¢ The Africans of Bantu probably figured out  how to smelt iron by themselves. The Spread of Ideas Ideas and Material Evidence †¢ In SE Asian, pig domestication was extremely important. †¢ Coinage in Anatolia and Europe was extremely popular. At the same time coinage in China was also very popular. The Spread of Buddhism †¢ Please See The Above Image and Your Religious Charts The Spread of Christianity †¢ Please see Religious Chart ______________________________________________________ CHAPTER OUTLINE I. The Silk Road | | | | A. Origins and Operations | | 1. The Silk Road was an overland route that linked China to the Mediterranean world via Mesopotamia, Iran, and Central Asia. There were two periods of heavy use of the Silk Road: (1) 150 b. c. e. –907 c. e. and (2) the thirteenth through seventeenth centuries c. e. 2. The origins of the Silk Road trade may be located in the occasional trading of Central Asian nomads. Regular, large-scale trade was fostered by the Chinese demand for western products (particularly horses) and by the Parthian state in northeastern Iran and its control of the markets in Mesopotamia. 3. In addition to horses, China imported alfalfa, grapes, and a variety of other new crops as well as medicinal products, metals, and precious stones. China exported peaches and apricots, spices, and manufactured goods including silk, pottery, and paper. | | B. The Impact of the Silk Road 1. Turkic nomads, who became the dominant pastoralist group in Central Asia, benefited from the trade. Their elites constructed houses, lived settled lives, and became interested in foreign religions including Christianity, Manicheanism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and (eventually) Islam. 2. Central Asian military technologies, particularly the stirrup, were exported both east and west, with significant consequences for the conduct of war. | | II. The Sasanid Empire, 224-600 CE A. Politics and Society 1. The Sasanid kingdom was established in 224 and controlled the areas of Iran and Mesopotamia. 2. The Sasanid Empire made Zoroastrianism its official religion. The Byzantine Empire made Christianity its official religion. Both Zoroastrianism and Christianity were intolerant of other religions. You read "Earth and Its People Edition 3 Chapter 7 Outline" in category "Essay examples" 3. In the third century Mani of Mesopotamia founded a religion whose beliefs centered around the struggle between Good and Evil. Mani was killed by the Sasanid shah, but Manichaeism spread widely in Central Asia. Arabs had some awareness of these religions conflicts and knew about Christianity. III. The Indian Ocean Maritime System | | | | A. Origins of Contact and Trade | | 1. There is evidence of early trade between ancient Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. This trade appears to have broken off as Mesopotamia turned more toward trade with East Africa. 2. Two thousand years ago, Malay sailors from Southeast Asia migrated to the islands of Madagascar. These migrants, however, did not retain communications or trade with their homeland. | | B. The Impact of Indian Ocean Trade 1. What little we know about trade in the Indian Ocean system before Islam is gleaned largely from a single first century c. . Greco-Egyptian text,  The Periplus of the Erythrean Sea. This account describes a trading system that must have been well established and flourishing when the account was written. The goods traded included a wide variety of spices, aromatic resins, pearls, Chinese pottery, and other luxury goods. The volume of trade was probably not as high as in the Mediterranean. 2. The culture of the Indian Ocean ports was often isolated from that of their hinterlands. In th e western part of the Indian Ocean, trading ports did not have access to large inland populations of potential consumers. Even in those eastern Indian and Malay peninsula ports that did have access to large inland populations, the civilizations did not become oriented toward the sea. 3. Traders and sailors in the Indian Ocean system often married local women in the ports that they frequented. These women thus became mediators between cultures. | | IV. Routes Across the Sahara | | A. Early Saharan Cultures | | 1. Undateable rock paintings in the highland areas that separate the southern from the northern Sahara indicate the existence of an early Saharan hunting culture that was later joined by cattle breeders who are portrayed as looking rather like contemporary West Africans. 2. The artwork indicates that the cattle breeders were later succeeded by horse herders who drove chariots. There is no evidence to support the earlier theory that these charioteers might have been Minoan or Mycenaean refugees. But there is also no evidence to show us either their origins or their fate. 3. The highland rock art indicates that camel riders followed the charioteers. The camel was introduced from Arabia and its introduction and domestication in the Sahara was probably related to the development of the trans-Saharan trade. Written evidence and the design of camel saddles and patterns of camel use indicate a south-to-north diffusion of camel riding. . The camel made it possible for people from the southern highlands of the Sahara to roam the desert and to establish contacts with the people of the northern Sahara. | | B. Trade Across the Sahara 1. Trade across the Sahara developed slowly when two local trading systems, one in the southern Sahara and one in the north, were linked. Traders in the southern Sahara had access to desert salt deposits and exported salt to the sub-Sahar an regions in return for kola nuts and palm oil. Traders in the north exported agricultural products and wild animals to Italy. | | V. Sub-Saharan Africa | | A. A Challenging Geography | | 1. Sub-Saharan Africa is a large area with many different environmental zones and many geographical obstacles to movement. . Some of the significant geographical areas are the Sahel, the tropical savanna, the tropical rain forest of the lower Niger and Zaire, the savanna area south of the rain forest, steppe and desert below that, and the temperate highlands of South Africa. | | B. The Development of Cultural Unity 1. Scholars draw a distinction between the â€Å"great traditions† of ruling elite culture in a civilization and the many â€Å"small traditions† of the common people. . In sub-Saharan Africa no overarching â€Å"great tradition† developed. Sub-Saharan Africa is a vast territory of many â€Å"small traditions. † Historians know very little about the prehistory of these many â€Å"small traditions† and their peoples. 3. African cultures are highly diverse. The estimated two thousand spoken languages of the continent and the numerous different food production systems reflect the diversity of the African ecology and the difficulty of communication and trade between different groups. Another reason for the long dominance of â€Å"small traditions† is that no foreign power was able to conquer Africa and thus impose a unified â€Å"great tradition. † | | C. African Cultural Characteristics 1. Despite their diversity, African cultures display certain common features that attest to an underlying cultural unity that some scholars have called â€Å"Africanity. † 2. One of these common cultural features is a concept of kingship in which kings are ritually isolated and oversee societies in which the people are arranged in age groups and kinship ivisions. 3. Other common features include cultivation with the hoe and digging stick, the use of rhythm in African music, and the functions of dancing and mask wearing in rituals. 4. One hypothesis offered to explain this cultural unity holds that the people of sub-Saharan Africa are descended from the people who occupied the southern Sahara during its â€Å"wet period† and migrated south the Sahel, wh ere their cultural traditions developed. | | D. The Advent of Iron and the Bantu Migrations 1. Sub-Saharan agriculture had its origins north of the equator and then spread southward. Iron working also began north of the equator and spread southward, reaching southern Africa by 800 c. e. 2. Linguistic evidence suggests that the spread of iron and other technology in sub-Saharan Africa was the result of a phenomenon known as the Bantu migrations. 3. The original homeland of the Bantu people was in the area on the border of modern Nigeria and Cameroon. Evidence suggests that the Bantu people spread out toward the east and the south through a series of migrations over the period of the first millennium c. . By the eight century, Bantu-speaking people had reached East Africa. | | IV. The Spread of Ideas | | A. Ideas and Material Evidence | | 1. It is extremely difficult, sometimes impossible, to trace the dissemination of ideas in preliterate societies. For example, eating pork was restricted or prohibited by religious belief in Southeast Asia, in ancient Egypt, and in eastern Iran. Because Southeast Asia was an early center of pig domestication, scholars hypothesize that the pig and the religious injunctions concerning eating the pig traveled together toward the west. This has not been proved. 2. Another difficult problem involves the invention of coins. In the Mediterranean world, the coins were invented in Anatolia and spread from there to Europe, North Africa, and India. Chinese made cast copper coins—was this inspired by the Anatolian example? There is no way of knowing. | | B. The Spread of Buddhism 1. The spread of ideas in a deliberate and organized fashion such that we can trace it is a phenomenon of the first millennium c. e. This is particularly the case with the spread of Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam. 2. The spread of Buddhism was facilitated both by royal sponsorship and by the travels of ordinary pilgrims and missionaries. In India, the Mauryan king Ashoka and King Kanishka of the Kushans actively supported Buddhism. Two of the most well-known pilgrims who helped to transmit Buddhism to China were the Chinese monks Faxian and Xuanzang. Both have left reliable narrative accounts of their journeys. 3. Buddhist missionaries from India traveled to a variety of destinations: west to Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia, as well as to Sri Lanka, southeast Asia, and Tibet. 4. Buddhism was changed and further developed in the lands to which it spread. Theravada Buddhism became dominant in Sri Lanka, Mahayana in Tibet, and Chan (Zen) in East Asia. | | C. The Spread of Christianity 1. Armenia was an important entrepot for the Silk Road trade. Mediterranean states spread Christianity to Armenia in order to bring that kingdom over to its side and thus deprive Iran of control of this area. 2. The transmission of Christianity to Ethiopia was similarly linked to a Mediterranean Christian attempt to deprive Iran of trade. How to cite Earth and Its People Edition 3 Chapter 7 Outline, Essay examples

Women Are Safe in India Essay Sample free essay sample

1. Bioasphalt is an asphalt alternate made from nonpetroleum based renewable resources. These beginnings include sugar. molasses and rice. maize and murphy starches. natural tree and gum rosins. natural latex gum elastic and vegetable oils. lignin. cellulose. palm oil waste. coconut waste. insignificant oil waste. canola oil waste. murphy amylum. dried sewage wastewater and so on. Bitumens can besides be made from waste vacuity tower undersides produced in the procedure of cleansing used motor oils. which are usually burned or dumped into land fills. 2. Fossil fueled power Stationss are major emitters of CO2. a nursery gas ( GHG ) which harmonizing to a consensus of scientific administrations is a subscriber to planetary heating observed over the last 100 old ages. Brown coal emits 3 times every bit much CO2 as natural gas. black coal emits twice every bit much CO2 per unit of electric energy. 3. A round geosynchronous orbit in the plane of the Earth’s equator has a radius of about 42. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Are Safe in India Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 164 kilometer ( 26. 199 myocardial infarction ) from the centre of the Earth. A orbiter in such an orbit is at an height of about 35. 786 kilometer ( 22. 236 myocardial infarction ) above mean sea degree. It maintains the same place relation to the Earth’s surface. If one could see a orbiter in geostationary orbit. it would look to vibrate at the same point in the sky. i. e. . non exhibit diurnal gesture. while the Sun. Moon. and stars would track the celestial spheres behind it. This is sometimes called a Clarke orbit. Such orbits are utile for telecommunications orbiters. A perfect stable geostationary orbit is an ideal that can merely be approximated. In pattern the orbiter drifts out of this orbit ( because of disturbances such as the solar air current. radiation force per unit area. fluctuations in the Earth’s gravitative field. and the gravitative consequence of the Moon and Sun ) . and pushers are used to keep the orbit in a procedure known as stationkeeping. warming. 4. Q: What is the current province of rising prices in India? A: The rising prices rate in India as measured by the Wholesale Price Index ( WPI ) has been lifting continuously over the past three old ages. Inflation in nutrient merchandises has driven overall rising prices. Q: The Cardinal Government claims that nutrient monetary values are lifting in India due to higher GDP growing reflecting increasing buying power of the people and turning economic prosperity. Is this true? A: Food demand in an economic system like ours of course grows over clip. In order to maintain gait with population growing. nutrient production besides needs to turn. However. in India. nutrient production and handiness have non grown commensurately. In 200809. one-year per capita cereal handiness in India was merely about 165 kilogram. which was that of the same degree as in 200001. In contrast. per capita cereal handiness in China was over 290 kilograms in 200809. and in the US it was over 1000 kilogram. Furthermore. per capita cereal handiness in India fell to 161 kilograms in 200910. despite high GDP growing. Therefore nutrient ingestion for the full population is surely non witnessing any rise. What is go oning is that income and ingestion growing is acquiring disproportionately concentrated within the top 10 to 15 % of the population. who are profiting from GDP growing. For the majority of the Indian people. ingestion degrees are acquiring farther squeezed. If 77 % of the Indian population is passing less than Rs. 20 per caput a twenty-four hours as per the Arjun Sengupta Commission study. one can good conceive of what the ingestion degrees of the bulk of Indians are. Widespread hungriness and malnutrition is the world of India. India continues to be place to around 25 % of the world’s hungry population presently estimated at 925 million by the UN World Food Programme. Nearly half of India’s kids under three old ages of age continue to stay malnourished. as per the National Family Health Survey. alongside half of pregnant female parents who are anemic. Food monetary value rising prices is doing affairs worse for these subdivisions by squashing their ingestion degrees. 5. The addition or loss of Deoxyribonucleic acid from chromosomes can take to a assortment of familial upsets. Human illustrations include: Cri du confab. which is caused by the omission of portion of the short arm of chromosome 5. â€Å"Cri du chat† means â€Å"cry of the cat† in French. and the status was sonamed because affected babes make highpitched calls that sound like those of a cat. Affected persons have wideset eyes. a little caput and jaw. chair to severe mental wellness issues. and are really short. Down syndrome. normally is caused by an excess transcript of chromosome 21 ( trisomy 21 ) . Features include reduced musculus tone. stockier physique. asymmetrical skull. slanting eyes and mild to chair developmental disablement. Edwards syndrome. which is the secondmostcommon trisomy ; Down syndrome is the most common. It is a trisomy of chromosome 18. Symptoms include motor deceleration. developmental disablement and legion inborn anomalousnesss doing serious wellness jobs. Ninety per centum dice in babyhood ; nevertheless. those that live past their first birthday normally are rather healthy thenceforth. They have a characteristic clinched custodies and overlapping fingers. Idic15. abbreviation for Isodicentric 15 on chromosome 15 ; besides called the undermentioned names due to assorted researches. but they all mean the same ; IDIC ( 15 ) . Inverted duplicate 15. excess Marker. Inv dup 15. partial tetrasomy 15 Jacobsen syndrome. besides called the terminus 11q omission upset. This is a really rare upset. Those affected have normal intelligence or mild developmental disablement. with hapless expressive linguistic communication accomplishments. Most have a hemorrhage upset called ParisTrousseau syndrome. Klinefelter’s syndrome ( XXY ) . Work force with Klinefelter syndrome are normally unfe rtile. and tend to hold longer weaponries and legs and to be taller than their equals. Male childs with the syndrome are frequently diffident and quiet. and have a higher incidence of address hold and dyslexia. During pubescence. without testosterone intervention. some of them may develop gynecomastia. Patau Syndrome. besides called DSyndrome or trisomy13. Symptoms are slightly similar to those of trisomy18. but they do non hold the characteristic manus form. Small excess marker chromosome. This means there is an excess. unnatural chromosome. Features depend on the beginning of the excess familial stuff. Cateye syndrome and isodicentric chromosome 15 syndrome ( or Idic15 ) are both caused by a excess marker chromosome. as is PallisterKillian syndrome. TripleX syndrome ( XXX ) . Thirty misss tend to be tall and thin. They have a higher incidence of dyslexia. Turner syndrome ( X alternatively of XX or XY ) . In Turner syndrome. female sexual features are present but developing. Peoples with Turner syndrome frequently have a short stature. low hairline. unnatural oculus characteristics and bone development and a â€Å"cavedin† visual aspect to the thorax. XYY syndrome. Xyy male childs are normally taller than their siblings. Like XXY male childs and XXX misss. they are slightly more likely to hold larning troubles. WolfHirschhorn syndrome. which is caused by partial omission of the short arm of chromosome 4. It is characterized by terrible growing deceleration and terrible to profound mental wellness issues. 6. Trade balance. i. e. the difference between export and import. is clearly the first variable influenced by export kineticss. Export is a beginning of foreign currency. easing import outgo and increasing cardinal bank militias of foreign currency. If for exporting a state needs natural stuffs and semimanufacturer goods from abroad. so export growing will increase imports every bit good. Provided export does non merely replace production antecedently directed to domestic demand. the addition of export will increase production. GDP. employment. Through Keynesian multiplier. this will breed a higher ingestion and higher production once more. giving rise to a positive feedback cringle. Probably. imports will lift as a effect. On the supply side. houses may counterbalance slower domestic kineticss with export. bracing their production and finally profitableness. Turning exports normally mean a house scheme of market variegation. 7. A microbic fuel cell ( MFC ) or biological fuel cell is a bioelectrochemical system that drives a current by miming bacterial interactions found in nature. Mediatorless MFCs are a more recent development ; due to this. factors that affect optimal efficiency. such as the strain of bacteriums used in the s ystem. type of ionexchange membrane. and system conditions ( temperature. pH. etc. ) are non peculiarly good understood. Bacterias in mediatorless MFCs typically have electrochemically active oxidation-reduction proteins such as cytochromes on their outer membrane that can reassign negatrons to external stuffs 8. In economic sciences and political scientific discipline. financial policy is the usage of authorities outgo and gross aggregation ( revenue enhancement ) to act upon the economic system. Fiscal policy can be contrasted with the other chief type of macroeconomic policy. pecuniary policy. which attempts to stabilise the economic system by commanding involvement rates and disbursement. The two chief instruments of financial policy are authorities outgo and revenue enhancement. Changes in the degree and composing of revenue enhancement and authorities disbursement can impact the undermentioned variables in the economic system: Aggregate demand and the degree of economic activity ; The form of resource allotment ; The distribution of income. Fiscal policy refers to the usage of the authorities bud get to act upon the first of these: economic activity. 9. Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late seventiess: a steady diminution of approximately 4 % per decennary in the entire volume of ozone in Earth’s stratosphere ( the ozone bed ) . and a much larger springtime lessening in stratospheric ozone over Earth’s polar parts. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. In add-on to these wellknown stratospheric phenomena. there are besides springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion events. The inside informations of polar ozone hole formation differ from that of midlatitude cutting. but the most of import procedure in both is catalytic devastation of ozone by atomic halogens. The chief beginning of these halogen atoms in the stratosphere is photodissociation of manmade halocarbon refrigerants ( CFCs. Freons. halons ) . These compounds are transported into the stratosphere after being emitted at the surface. Both types of ozone depletion were observed to increase as emanations of halocarbons increased. 10. What are three schemes to cut down the current history shortage? This for any state in general. what are three schemes a authorities can make to cut down their current history shortage? 1. Devalue the currency ( either actively if fixed exchange rate. or by take downing involvement rates if on a floating exchange rate ) . This makes your exports cheaper to aliens and makes their goods more expensive. take downing imports. 2. Decrease demand for imports you can make this by raising revenue enhancements or cutting disbursement ( lower sum demand by and large ) or straight by raising duties. quotas. etc. to maintain foreign goods out. 3. Sell more of your ain exports. One manner to make this is with policies that channel resources to exporting sectors for illustration. puting up revenue enhancement free export treating zones. subsidising capital to those sectors ( exhibit A see Korea after WWII ) . making substructure that makes it easier to export. etc. 11. Village Panchayats have a long history in India. They represent a system of administration pr evalent in ancient India. Gandhiji had competently remarked that independency must get down at the underside. Every small town ought to be a republic or panchayet with the authorization and resources to recognize the potency for economic and societal development of the small town. Gandhiji’s positions found articulation in Article 40 of the Constitution. It enjoins that `the States shall take stairss to organize small town panchayets with such powers and authorization as may be necessary to enable them to work as units of selfgovernment’ . During the last 50 old ages. several efforts have been made to convey about effectual decentralization. both political and economic. with limited success. However. the twelvemonth 1992 marks a new epoch in the federal democratic set up of the state. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act. 1992 conferred Constitutional position on the Panchayati Raj Institutions ( PRIs ) . It envisages the constitution of a democratic decentralized development procedure through people’s engagement in decisionmaking. execution and bringing. In order to accomplish this aim. the Constitution provides for degeneration of powers and duties upon panchayets at appropriate degrees. 29 Subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule of th e Constitution have been identified for degeneration to the PRIs. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act has created three tier PRIs in the rural countries with allotment of specific topics to them. In pursuit of this. States have initiated action to devolve administrative and fiscal powers and resources to PRIs to enable them to dispatch their Constitutional function. It is expected that one time the procedure of degeneration is efficaciously operationalised. resources from the Central and State Governments meant for programmes falling within the legal power of the PRIs would straight acquire allocated to them. 12. Chandipur besides known as Chandipuronsea is a little sea resort in Baleswar District. Orissa. India. The resort is on the Bay of Bengal and is about 16 kilometres from the Baleswar Railway Station. The beach is alone in that the H2O recedes anyplace from 1 kilometre to 4 kilometres during the wane and returns at the clip of hightide. The beach. due to this singularity. supports a batch of biodiversity. Horseshoe crab is besides found here on the beach towards Mirzapur. the nearby fishing market and community at the meeting of the Budhabalanga River. Described frequently as ‘the land of concealed treasures’ . ChandipuronSea is one of the finest beaches on the eastern coastline of India. Besides referred to as Chandipur. this alone beach is located 16 kilometres from Balasore in Orissa. Studded with casuarina trees and reflecting in glittering Waterss. ChandipuronSea is a popular seaboard resort. The singularity of the beach lies in the fact that during a low tide the Waterss recede up to five kilometres into the sea exposing the aureate littorals of the beach. This characteristic is a tourist’s delectation and even jeep drives can be taken on the beach during this clip. This topographic point is besides the location of the Indian Army’s Integrated Test Range ( ITR ) and a figure of successful missiles like Akash. Agni and Prithvi have been launched from here. 13. By definition. hyperinflation is a rapid addition in Price Index ( the Money Supply multiplied by the speed of money ) without a corresponding addition in existent end product ( see Equation of exchange ) . This is frequently caused by determinations on the portion of the cardinal bank to increase the money supply much more than markets had antecedently expected. frequently when money is printed to finance authorities disbursement. This consequences in a autumn in the demand for money relation to its supply. which in an utmost instance can turn into a complete loss of assurance in the money. similar to a bank tally. This loss of assurance causes a rapid addition in speed of disbursement which causes a corresponding rapid addition in monetary values. For illustration. one time rising prices has become established. Sellers s try to fudge against it by increasing monetary values. This leads to farther moving ridges of monetary value additions. Hyperinflation will go on every bit long as the entity responsible for increasing bank recognition and/or publishing currency continues to advance inordinate money creative activity. In terrible instances. legal stamp Torahs and monetary value controls to forestall dismissing the value of paper money comparative to difficult currency or trade goods can neglect to coerce credence of the quickly increasing money supply which lacks intrinsic value. in which instance hyperinflation normally continues until the currency is abandoned wholly. 14. The demographic dividend is a rise in the rate of economic growing due to a lifting portion of working age people in a population. This normally occurs late in the demographic passage when the birthrate rate falls and the young person dependence rate diminutions. During this demographic window of chance. end product per capita rises. It has been argued that the demographic dividend played a function in the â€Å"economic miracles† of the Eas t Asiatic Tigersand that the economic roar in Ireland in the 1990s ( the Celtic tiger ) was in portion due to the legalisation of contraceptive method in 1979 and subsequent diminution in the birthrate rate. In Ireland the ratio of workers to dependants improved due to take down birthrate but was raised farther by increased female labour market engagement and a reversal from outward migration of working age population to a net influx. Africa. on the other manus continues to hold high birthrate and young person dependence rates 15. The construct of C credits came into being as a consequence of increasing consciousness of the demand for pollution control. Carbon credits were one of the results of the Kyoto Protocol. an international understanding between 169 states. The Kyoto Protocol created lawfully adhering emanation marks for developing states. To run into these marks. states must restrict C02 emanations. It was enforced from Feb’05. The really phase â€Å"Kyoto Protocol† has become synonymous with the thought of salvaging the planet from the planetary meltdown. This can be accomplished by either cut downing emanations or by absorbing emanations through procedures such as treeplanting and segregation. . which contribute to its economic stagnancy. The magnitude of the demographic dividend appears to be dependent on the ability of the economic system to absorb and fruitfully employ the excess workers. instead than be a pure demographic gift. 16. Value Added Tax ( VAT ) is a multistage gross revenues revenue enhancement with recognition for revenue enhancements paid on concern purchases. As the economic system grew. concern complexnesss led to the revenue enhancement construction towards its ain hazard. This warranted a alteration of the bing revenue enhancement. For accomplishing this. the authorities introduced a individual rate of excise ( CENVAT ) as a major measure and bought in a cardinal rationalisatio n in the revenue enhancement construction and levy. Broadly following VAT rates were being proposed 0 % on natural and unrefined green goodss in unorganised sector goods of societal importance cubic decimeter Eisenhower provinces. pencil instruction book etc. . 1 % floor rate for gold. Ag. cherished and semi cherished shop. 4 % for goods of basic necessities industrial and agricultural inputs like beedi foliages. fibres. seeds. declared goods ( Iron and steel. fell and clamber etc ) Medicine and drugs ; fabrics and sugar. capital goods. 12. 5 % RNR ( Revenue Neutral Rate ) on other goods Aviation turbine fuel and crude oil merchandises will be out of VAT government. Liquor and coffin nails will besides be taxed at higher rate. Gross saless revenue enhancement / VAT is fundamentally a province topic. the cardinal authorities is playing the function of facilitator for successful execution of this important reform steps. One of the concerns expressed by provinces in following VAT relates to the possible loss of gross in the initial old ages. The cardinal authorities agreed to counterbalance the estimated loss on the footing of an in agreement expression. On history of the debut of VAT. to the extent of 100 per centum of the loss in the first twelvemonth 200506. 75 per centum of the loss in the 2nd twelvemo nth 200607. and 50 per centum of the loss in the 3rd twelvemonth 200708 of debut of VAT. Furthermore losingss are reduced in future old ages at that clip VAT execution beings a successful 1. 17. An economic system that does non interact with the economic system of any other state. A closed economic system prohibits imports and exports. and prohibits any other state from take parting in their stock market. There have been many illustrations of closed economic systems throughout history. but really few closed economic systems exist today. besides called autarchy. What Does Closed Economy Mean? An economic system in which no activity is conducted with outside economic systems. A closed economic system is selfsufficient. significance that no imports are brought in and no exports are sent out. The end is to supply consumers with everything that they need from within the economy’s boundary lines. A closed economic system is the antonym of an unfastened economic system. in which a state will carry on trade with outside parts. 18. Bark is a tree’s natural armour and protects from external menaces. Bark besides has several physical maps. one is fring the tree of wastes by absorbing and locking them into its dead cells and rosins. Besides. the bark’ s bast conveyances big measures of foods throughout the tree. Trees. like knights of old. wear armour to protect themselves from hurt. However. a tree’s armour. called bark. is non made of heavy metal. Its outer bed. which we see. is composed of dead cells that become filled with a corklike substance and air. The interior bark. called Phloem. contains populating cells and conveyances nutrient from the foliages to other parts of the tree. including the roots. When these shortlived inner bark cells die. they become a portion of the outer bark. Bark serves as a waterproof greatcoat for the tree. helps prevent loss of H2O from the tree by vaporization. acts as a barrier against onslaughts by insects and diseases. insulates the tree from drastic temperature alterations. and in some cases. protects the tree from fire harm. It besides serves as a shield to protect a really of import portion of the tree—the cambium bed. This bed of cells. which can be seen merely with the assistance of a microscope. manufactures both the inner bark cells and the sapwood cells. It produces a wholly new bed of sapwood and saloon tissue every turning season. 19. New START ( for Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty ) is a atomic weaponries decrease pact between the United States of America and the Russian Federation with the formal name of Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. It was signed on 8 April 2010 in Prague. and. after confirmation. entered into force on 5 February 2011. It is expected to last at least until 2021. New START replaced the Treaty of Moscow ( SORT ) . which was due to run out in December 2012. In footings of name. it is a follow-up to the START I treaty. which expired in December 2009. the proposed START II pact. which neer entered into force. and the START III pact. for which dialogues were neer concluded. Under footings of the pact. the figure of strategic atomic missile launchers will be reduced by half. A new review and confirmation government will be established. replacing th e SORT mechanism. It does non restrict the figure of operationally inactive stockpiled atomic payloads. that remain in the high 1000s in both the Russian and American stock lists. 20. The Indian Rhinoceros is one of the 45 species of globally threatened mammals found in the Eastern Himalayas. The Eastern Himalayas is the part embracing Bhutan. northeasterly India. and southern. cardinal. and eastern Nepal. The part is geologically immature and shows high altitudinal fluctuation. It has about 163 globally threatened species including the Onehorned Rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros unicornis ) . the Wild Asiatic Water American bison ( Bubalus bubalis ( Arnee ) ) and in all 45 mammals. 50 birds. 17 reptilians. 12 amphibious vehicles. 3 invertebrate and 36 works species. The Relict Dragonfly ( Epiophlebia laidlawi ) is an endangered species found here with the lone other species in the genus being found in Japan. The part is besides place to the Himalayan Newt ( Tylototriton verrucosus ) . the lone salamander species found within Indian bounds. 21. he most of import nursery gas. apart from H2O vapor. is carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) . Degrees have changed over clip both of course and because of worlds. Much of the C dioxide produced by worlds does non remain in the ambiance but is stored in the oceans or on land in workss and dirts. By far the largest C shop on Earth is in deposits. both on land and in the oceans. and it is held chiefly as Ca carbonate ( CaCO3 ) . The 2nd biggest shop is the deep ocean where C occurs largely as dissolved carbonate ( CO32 ) and hydrogen carbonate ions ( HCO3 ) . We think that about a 3rd of the C dioxide from fossil fuel combustion is stored in the oceans and it enters by both physical and biological procedures. Physical procedures Carbon dioxide dissolves more easy in cold H2O than in warm H2O. It besides dissolves more easy in saltwater compared to pure H2O because saltwater of course contains carbonate ions. 22. Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves winddriven gesture of dense. ice chest. and normally nutrientrich H2O towards the ocean surface. replacing the heater. normally nutrientdepleted surface H2O.